How beliefs are like colors

Why We Don't Know How Many Colors There Are

There have been many attempts to answer the question of how many distinct colors there are, with widely varying answers. Here we present an analysis of what it would take to arrive at a reliable answer and show how currently available models fail to make predictions under the wide range of conditions that needs to be considered. Gamut volumes are reported for a number of light sources and viewi...

How bees distinguish colors

Behind each facet of the compound eye, bees have photoreceptors for ultraviolet, green, and blue wavelengths that are excited by sunlight reflected from the surrounding panorama. In experiments that excluded ultraviolet, bees learned to distinguish between black, gray, white, and various colors. To distinguish two targets of differing color, bees detected, learned, and later recognized the stro...

Are Colors Secondary Qualities?*

Seventeenthand eighteenth-century discussions of the senses are often thought to contain a profound truth: some perceptible properties are secondary qualities, dispositions to produce certain sorts of experiences in perceivers. Any apparent plausibility this has often derives, we argue, from an erroneous picture of perception. The colors are typically held to be one of the clearest examples of ...

Food Taxes: How Likely Are Likely Effects?

Atmospheric HULIS: how humic-like are they?

Atmospheric HULIS: how humic-like are they? A comprehensive and critical review E. R. Graber and Y. Rudich Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel Received: 22 August 2005 – Accepted: 12 ...